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Southern African Customs Union

The Southern African Customs Union (SACU) is the world's oldest customs union, established in 1910. It comprises five member states: South Africa, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho and Namibia. The union's mandate is to maintain a common external tariff and a shared revenue pool for customs, excise and additional duties collected on imports into the common customs area. SACU facilitates the free movement of goods between member states by eliminating internal tariffs and trade barriers. The organisation is governed by a Council of Ministers, supported by a Customs Union Commission, a Secretariat based in Windhoek, Namibia, and several technical committees. Revenue collected is distributed among members according to a formula that takes into account each country's share of intra-SACU trade, GDP and customs duties. South Africa, as the largest economy, generates the majority of customs revenue but the redistribution mechanism provides significant fiscal transfers to the smaller member states. SACU plays an important role in regional economic integration and serves as a platform for negotiating trade agreements with external partners. The union has faced challenges in recent years, including debates over the revenue-sharing formula, trade policy coordination and the balance between South Africa's dominant economic position and the development needs of smaller members. SACU's significance extends beyond tariffs, as it underpins broader Southern African Development Community integration efforts and shapes the region's engagement with global trade partners including China, the European Union and the United States.

Latest Articles in 60 Seconds

Ramaphosa and Nandi-Ndaitwah push South Africa-Namibia integration

President Cyril Ramaphosa, co-chairing the fourth South Africa-Namibia Binational Commission on July 17, 2026, with Namibian President Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, called for closer collaboration on the Orange basin energy frontier, green hydrogen through South Africa's Boegoebaai port, and critical-mineral beneficiation. He said South Africa and Namibia remain committed, within the Southern African Customs Union (Sacu), the Southern African Development Community and the African Union, to advancing regional integration and reducing trade barriers.

AAAM eyes Sacu role in automotive beneficiation

Speakers at the Manufacturing Indaba on July 15 and 16, 2026, including African Association of Automotive Manufacturers CEO Victoria Backhaus-Jerling, said the AAAM is working with Sacu countries on mineral beneficiation, particularly copper for vehicle wire harnesses and battery components, as Africa seeks a bigger share of the $50-billion automotive import market.

Calls grow for Sacu to establish its own Tariff Board

Analysts continue to question why Sacu has not set up the Tariff Board provided for under Article 11 of the 2002 Sacu Agreement, more than two decades after it entered into force, with tariff matters still handled on an interim basis by South Africa's International Trade Administration Commission since 2007.

Southern African Customs Union Updates


President Cyril Ramaphosa
Ramaphosa highlights importance of collaboration during South Africa-Namibia Binational Commission
17th July 2026 By: Sabrina Jardim

Given the shared geology and geographical proximity between South Africa and Namibia, there is a compelling case for closer collaboration in exploration, infrastructure development, skills... 


Electric taxis are undergoing trials in South Africa
All African countries can play a role in the automotive value chain, AAAM CEO says
16th July 2026 By: Schalk Burger

There are significant opportunities to develop component manufacturing in Africa to supply vehicle manufacturers, and each country can play a role in the automotive value chain, industry... 


Monale Ratsoma
Monale Ratsoma appointed NDB VP and chief risk officer
15th July 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

Development finance institution the New Development Bank (NDB) has appointed Monale Ratsoma VP and chief risk officer, with responsibility for risk management, corporate strategy, policies,... 


The Sacu Tariff Board
10th July 2026 By: Riaan de Lange

In the age of the Internet, with enhanced search engine AI functionality, one would expect to find an answer to nearly any question in seconds. We already know that the answer to the “ultimate... 


Itac maintains anti-dumping duties on gypsum plasterboard from Thailand, Indonesia
8th July 2026 By: Tasneem Bulbulia

The International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) has decided to recommend to the Trade, Industry and Competition Minister Parks Tau that the existing anti-dumping duties of... 


An image of Jacob Zuma
Ntshavheni raises concerns over Zuma’s India visit; briefs on immigration, Cabinet updates
3rd July 2026 By: Tasneem Bulbulia

Minister in The Presidency Khumbudzo Ntshavheni on July 3 briefed media on the outcomes of the Cabinet meeting held earlier this week, noting that former President Jacob Zuma’s actions on a visit... 


Escape clause
26th June 2026 By: Riaan de Lange

South Africa on June 8 joined the ‘escape club’, ‘North, east, west, south, all in the same house’, with all due acknowledgement to the English pop-rock band The Escape Club. It joins the 2026... 


An image of PET bottles recycling
Itac recommends increasing antidumping duty on Chinese PET imports
18th June 2026 By: Tasneem Bulbulia

The International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) has recommended a revised antidumping duty increase to 43.77% on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) imported from China.... 


Steel coil
Itac recommends increase in import duties for thin gauge, corrosion resistant steel coil
15th June 2026 By: Schalk Burger

The International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) has recommended the imposition of safeguard measures on imports of corrosion resistant steel coil products for a period of... 


Magazine Cover Image
Multilateral and plurilateral models in focus amid global trade ructions
12th June 2026 By: Lumkile Nkomfe

The growing fragmentation of the global trading system, intensifying geopolitical conflicts and mounting pressure for global trade reforms have reignited debates about the future of multilateralism... 


Magazine Cover Image
Multilateral and plurilateral models in focus amid global trade ructions
12th June 2026 By: Lumkile Nkomfe

The growing fragmentation of the global trading system, intensifying geopolitical conflicts and mounting pressure for global trade reforms have reignited debates about the future of multilateralism... 


A Jaecoo J7
South Africa proposes extending auto incentives to battery materials
9th June 2026 By: Reuters

South Africa plans to add to its automotive incentive programme minerals used in the manufacturing of electric vehicle batteries to boost local EV production and support related supply chains. The... 


Trade remedy reviews
5th June 2026 By: Riaan de Lange

Diarise it. Diarise June 22, or circle it on your calendar if you are old school. Why should you diarise it? Well, the day is celebrated as World Rainforest Day, International Being You Day, and... 


Cluckin’ quotas
15th May 2026 By: Riaan de Lange

In the Government Gazette of April 30, the South African Revenue Service (Sars) gave notice of the retrospective increase, effective from April 1, of the annual quota for frozen bone-in cuts of the... 


Itac recommends increase in customs duties for some polymer-based pipes, hoses
5th May 2026 By: Schalk Burger

The International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) has recommended an increase in the customs duty on specific polymer-based pipes and hoses. Customs duty on seamless,... 


Itac recommends import duties on top-loader washing machines from China, Thailand
24th April 2026 By: Schalk Burger

The International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) has requested the Commissioner of the South African Revenue Service (Sars) to impose definitive antidumping duties on... 


Extra! Newsprint in the news
3rd April 2026 By: Riaan de Lange

Factually, it should be “Extra! Extra! Read all about it!!!” – which originated in the mid-nineteenth century in the US when newspaper hawkers shouted about urgent breaking news. The addition and... 


Voestalpine steel products
Tau gazettes new 74% import tariff on some steel products from Asia
20th March 2026 By: Marleny Arnoldi

Trade, Industry and Competition Minister Parks Tau has gazetted recommendations by the International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) on new import taxes for steel from China,... 


Itac decides against provisional safeguard duties on imports of corrosion-resistant steel coil
2nd February 2026 By: Tasneem Bulbulia

The International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) has made a preliminary decision not to impose a provisional safeguard duty on imports of corrosion-resistant steel coil,... 


Provisional duties imposed on clear float glass imports from Tanzania
26th January 2026 By: Schalk Burger

The South African Revenue Service has, following a request made by tariff advisory body the International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (Itac) decided that provisional duties will... 


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