While Gauteng Premier David Makhura’s e-toll review panel may not have much formal power (the South African National Roads Agency Limited is a State-owned company falling under the national Department of Transport and e-tolling was sanctioned by Cabinet), it has the potential to add a new political dimension to the ongoing debate. The mere formation of the panel will probably lower already poor compliance rates and will add momentum to opposition. Where it will all lead, though, is very hard to predict.